This project explores the question of whether "hierarchy" is a universal organizing principle with many interpretations, such that "opposites" can be defined in many ways across a common framework all of which depend on "higher" levels and "lower" levels in some index or dimension of measurement. We see many forms and types of opposites defined across "levels" that can be described as "higher" or "lower". There may be an infinite ad hoc moment-specific fluency to the details of any hierarchical model, but the broader properties seem common to all of them. Hyponymy and hypernymy Levels Hierarchy of computer languages Hierarchy of computer architecture

Hyponymy and hypernymy Placeholder | Back Hyponymy and hypernymy We want to explore this idea as part of a generalization of the principle of hierarchy to many instances or contexts or purposes Wed, Apr 14, 2021 Reference In linguistics, hyponymy (from Greek ???, hupó, "under", and ?????, ónuma, "name") is a semantic relation between a hyponym denoting a subtype and a hypernym or hyperonym denoting a supertype. In other words, the semantic field of the hyponym is included within that of the hypernym. In simpler terms, a hyponym is in a type-of relationship with its hypernym. For example: pigeon, crow, eagle, and seagull are all hyponyms of bird, their hypernym; which itself is a hyponym of animal, its hypernym. Hypernymy or hyperonymy (from Greek ????, hupér, "over", and ?????, ónuma, "name") is the converse of hyponymy. Other names for hypernym include umbrella term and blanket term. A synonym of co-hyponym based on same tier (and not hyponymic) relation is allonym (which means "different name"). A hyponym refers to a type. A meronym refers to a part. For example, a hyponym of tree is pine tree or oak tree (a type of tree), but a meronym of tree is bark or leaf (a part of tree). URL https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyponymy_and_hypernymy

Levels Placeholder | Back It's important to remember that "levels" are not somehow standalone objects with their own ontological identity. They too are just demarcations along a spectrum, a continuum, a range of values, that has been divided into sub-units and then sub-sub-units, like the decimal system. In a vertical hierarchy, they are values in the Y (vertical) axis. Levels can be given names -- like "species" or "genus" -- but they are still just (incremental, digital) values in a spectrum Sat, Apr 17, 2021

Hierarchy of computer languages Placeholder | Back Languages are defined across a spectrum -- from machine code to higher-level languages, modelling languages, etc. (Is this old-fashioned?) Sun, May 9, 2021

Hierarchy of computer architecture Placeholder | Back Computers operating systems are constructed in layers, as higher layers are built up from lower layers this is true of the machine structure and the programming structure Sun, May 9, 2021 URL https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_programming_languages_by_type